Neurodivergent People and Stress at the Micro, Mezzo, and Macro Levels of Our Lives

A surreal depiction of a neurodivergent individual's stress, illustrated by a head transformed into a chaotic cityscape with erupting flames and flying birds, embodying the constant pressure from all directions.

By Heartstone Guidance Center

At Heartstone Guidance Center, we often remind clients of something deeply important: distress does not exist in a vacuum. People do not experience stress solely because of individual weakness, poor coping skills, or personal failure. Stress is shaped—and often intensified—by the systems, communities, and structures we are living inside of.

In social work and mental health, we often talk about stressors at three interconnected levels: micro, mezzo, and macro. In theory, these levels balance one another. In reality, many of those protective buffers are breaking down at the same time, leaving people overwhelmed, exhausted, and dysregulated.

This is especially true for neurodivergent people.

Understanding the Three Levels of Stress

The Micro Level: Individual and Relational Stress

The micro level is where stress is felt most directly. It includes:

• Mental and physical health

• Intimate relationships and family systems

• Parenting, finances, housing, and daily functioning

• A basic sense of safety in one’s body and home

When micro-level stress is high, people may experience anxiety, depression, shutdown, conflict, burnout, or physical illness. This is the layer most people blame themselves for—often unfairly.

The Mezzo Level: Community and Institutional Stress

The mezzo level sits between individuals and society. It includes:

• Workplaces, schools, and healthcare systems

• Neighborhoods, faith communities, and social networks

• Local policies, law enforcement practices, and community safety

Ideally, the mezzo level acts as a buffer, absorbing pressure from larger systems and protecting individuals. When it functions well, people feel supported, resourced, and less alone.

When it fails, people lose that protection.

Job loss, unsafe workplaces, discrimination, institutional neglect, and fear within communities all create mezzo-level stress that quickly spills into family life and mental health.

The Macro Level: Societal and Systemic Stress

The macro level includes:

• Economic systems and political decisions

• Climate change and environmental instability

• Federal policies, healthcare access, and social narratives about worth, productivity, and disability

Macro stressors are often:

• Chronic and ongoing

• Outside individual control

• Experienced as background threat or existential pressure

People cannot “self-care” their way out of macro-level harm. Yet the effects still land on their nervous systems.

What’s Happening Right Now: A Compression Effect

We are living in a moment where macro-level stressors are actively crushing mezzo-level supports, forcing stress directly onto individuals and families.

Economic instability leads to job loss.Political decisions create fear in communities.Institutions withdraw support when people need it most.

This creates stacked stress:

• No safe workplace

• No reliable community buffer

• No internal capacity left to cope

When all three levels are activated at once, people don’t just feel stressed—they feel trapped.

This is not a personal failure.It is a systems failure.

Why Neurodivergent People Are Disproportionately Impacted

Neurodivergent people—autistic people, ADHDers, people with OCD, PTSD, and other nervous-system differences—are especially vulnerable during times like this.

Nervous Systems Are Already Working Harder

Many neurodivergent people live with:

• Chronic sensory overload

• Higher baseline stress

• Fewer accessible regulation strategies

When stress increases at all levels, the nervous system reaches capacity faster.

Fewer Structural Buffers

Neurodivergent people often face:

• Less workplace flexibility

• Higher rates of discrimination

• Barriers to healthcare and accommodations

• Smaller or more fragile support networks

When mezzo systems collapse, there is often nothing left to catch the fall.

Change and Uncertainty Are Neurologically Expensive

Sudden policy shifts, job instability, safety concerns, and financial stress can cause rapid dysregulation. Executive functioning often collapses under prolonged uncertainty, not because of lack of effort, but because the brain is overwhelmed.

Masking Becomes Unsustainable

Many neurodivergent people survive by adapting, masking, and pushing through. When stress exists at the micro, mezzo, and macro levels simultaneously, masking stops working. Burnout follows.

This is not pathology.It is biology responding to an unsafe environment.

A Roadmap for Coping When Stress Exists at All Three Levels

This is not a guide to “fixing yourself.”It is a framework for triage, protection, and sustainability.

1. Name the Level of Stress

Ask yourself:

• Is this stress coming from inside me?

• From my community or institutions?

• From systems I cannot control?

Naming the level reduces shame and prevents self-blame. You cannot solve systemic harm with personal willpower.

2. Stabilize the Micro Level First

When everything is activated, regulation comes before insight.

Focus on:

• Sleep, hydration, and predictable meals

• Reducing sensory input where possible

• Lowering expectations for productivity

• Protecting key relationships from collapse

This is not the season for growth goals.This is the season for survival and maintenance.

3. Strengthen or Replace Mezzo Buffers

If institutions are unsafe, seek alternatives:

• Mutual aid instead of formal systems

• Peer support instead of hierarchical help

• Smaller, values-aligned communities

For neurodivergent people, peer-based and non-pathologizing spaces can be profoundly protective.

4. Contain Macro Stress

Macro stress must be bounded, not absorbed.

Helpful strategies include:

• Limiting news and social media exposure

• Scheduling macro-free time (it's ugly out there, it is okay to block it out for a bit).

• Channeling anger into meaning through art, writing, or advocacy

• Remembering that awareness does not require constant vigilance

You are allowed to rest and self care, even when the world is not okay.

5. Adjust Expectations to Reality

Many people are trying to live as though systems are stable and the future is predictable. Right now, they are not.

A healthy response includes:

• Grieving what has been lost

• Redefining success as sustainability

• Valuing nervous system safety over output

This is not giving up.This is adapting wisely.

A Final Reframe

If you are overwhelmed right now, it is not because you are weak. It is because multiple systems are failing at the same time.

For neurodivergent people especially, distress is often a rational response to an irrational environment.

At Heartstone Guidance Center, we believe the goal is not to become invulnerable. The goal is to stay regulated enough, connected enough, and supported enough to remain human in an inhumane moment.

If you are struggling, you are not broken.You are responding exactly as a nervous system does when it is under siege and you deserve care, support, and compassion.